Chronic Venous Insufficiency in the Context of Primary Health Care

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) affects the venous system of the lower extremities, being characterized by persistent ambulatory venous hypertension, which leads to various pathologies such as pain, edema, skin changes, and ulcerations.
The term CVI usually refers to the more advanced forms of venous disorders, namely manifestations such as hyperpigmentation, venous eczema, lipodermatosclerosis, atrophie blanche, and healed or active ulcers. However, since varicose veins also involve incompetent valves and elevated venous pressure, the term is generally used to describe the entire spectrum of CVI manifestations.

Contents

1. Introduction
2. Definition
3. Epidemiology
4. Risk Factors
5. Venous Pathophysiology
6. Pathophysiology and Venous Dysfunction
7. Clinical Manifestations
8. Classification